QGIS Network Service-Area Analysis

Half the City Can Walk to Transit. Sixth Can Walk to Groceries.

Network-based (not straight-line) 400m walkability analysis for Dortmund: for every one of 3,334 public transit stops and 365 grocery stores, the reachable footpath network within a 400m walk was computed in QGIS's Network Analysis toolbox, then merged into a single citywide coverage picture per amenity type.
QGIS (Network Analysis toolbox) Python (GeoPandas) OSM + GTFS (NRW) Leaflet
Setup

Network Distance, Not As-the-Crow-Flies

A straight-line 400m buffer around a bus stop routinely includes a "reachable" area on the other side of a rail line or a motorway. QGIS's Service Area (from Layer) algorithm instead walks the actual footpath network outward from each origin point — 3,334 transit stops, 365 grocery stores — up to 400 metres of real walking distance, against Dortmund's OSM footpath network (53,830 segments, 2,832 km total).

Transit stops analysed3,334 Grocery stores analysed365 Footpath network2,832 km Walking threshold400 m
Open interactive walkability monitor
01 — Citywide Coverage Gap

49.7% Transit Coverage vs. 15.5% Grocery Coverage

Merging all 3,334 individual transit service areas into one coverage layer (removing double-counted overlap between nearby stops) shows just under half of Dortmund's footpath network within a 400m walk of some form of public transit. The same operation for grocery stores — a much sparser amenity — covers less than a sixth of the network.

Within 400m of transit1,408 km (49.7%) Within 400m of grocery440 km (15.5%)
DistrictFootpath (km)Transit coverageGrocery coverage
Innenstadt-West242.464.9%42.7%
Innenstadt-Ost186.059.4%23.5%
Scharnhorst260.755.4%8.2%
Hombruch333.839.9%8.1%
Eving181.843.9%8.4%

Innenstadt-West (the city centre) leads on both counts, unsurprisingly. But the gap between transit and grocery coverage holds in every district — even Scharnhorst, which has above-average transit coverage (55.4%), has one of the lowest grocery coverages (8.2%). Transit accessibility and food accessibility are not the same map.

02

Methods & Tools

Network AnalysisQGIS Service Area (from Layer), 400m walking-distance threshold on the OSM footpath network
Data SourcesOSM footpath/road extract, GTFS transit stops (NRW, April 2025), OSM grocery POI
Geometry ProcessingGeoPandas union of 3,334 / 365 per-point service areas into one coverage layer (no double-counted overlap)
District AggregationPer-district network-length intersection: % of each district's own footpath network covered, independent of district size
OutputInteractive Leaflet monitor, toggle between transit/grocery coverage layers